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Back pain

Back pain

Back pain is one of the most common reasons people visit a clinic. Whether it started gradually or after an activity, an assessment helps determine the cause and the best path forward.

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Understanding back pain

Back pain affects roughly 80 percent of adults at some point. It can originate from muscles, facet joints, intervertebral discs, ligaments, or a combination of structures. Posture, repetitive movement, prolonged sitting, previous injuries, and stress all play a role. Because so many structures can contribute, online information alone cannot identify the source. A hands-on clinical assessment is the most reliable way to understand what is happening and which treatment options may be appropriate for your situation.

Common causes

  • Muscle strain or spasm from lifting, bending, or sudden movement
  • Facet joint irritation or dysfunction in the lumbar spine
  • Disc bulge or herniation pressing on surrounding structures
  • Poor posture or prolonged sitting, especially with inadequate lumbar support
  • Degenerative changes related to age or wear
  • Sacroiliac joint dysfunction affecting the pelvis and lower back
  • Stress and tension leading to chronic muscle tightness

What to expect during assessment

Your first visit begins with a detailed history covering when the pain started, what makes it better or worse, and any previous episodes. The practitioner then performs a physical examination including range of motion, orthopedic tests, neurological screening, and palpation of the spine and surrounding muscles. If imaging is needed, you will be referred for X-ray or MRI. Once the assessment is complete, the practitioner explains their findings and discusses which treatment options may be appropriate.

How the clinic can help

At Merivale Clinic, care begins with understanding your specific situation. Depending on assessment findings, treatment may include chiropractic adjustments to restore joint mobility, massage therapy to address muscle tension and spasm, acupuncture to support pain management, or shockwave therapy for chronic soft-tissue conditions. Many patients benefit from a combination of these approaches. Your practitioner will also recommend exercises and modifications to support recovery between visits. Care plans are adjusted based on how you respond, and you are always part of the decision.

Self-care and what you can do at home

Gentle movement is generally preferable to prolonged bed rest for most back pain. Walking, light stretching, and avoiding positions that aggravate symptoms can help. Applying ice in the first 48 hours and switching to heat afterward may provide relief. Maintaining good posture while sitting and sleeping with a pillow between your knees when on your side can reduce strain. If symptoms persist beyond a few days or worsen, an assessment is recommended.

When to seek urgent care

Seek urgent or emergency medical care for sudden severe pain after trauma, progressive weakness in the legs, loss of bladder or bowel control, numbness in the saddle area, unexplained fever with back pain, or chest pain with shortness of breath. These symptoms may indicate a serious condition requiring immediate attention.

Follow-along videos that may support care between visits. Your practitioner should confirm which ones fit your assessment.

Lumbar Spine

Lower back exercises and stretches to strengthen the lumbar region, reduce pain, and support spinal stability.

5 videos

Core

Core strengthening exercises to support the spine, improve balance, and reduce the risk of back injury during daily activity.

4 videos

Hips & Glutes

Hip and glute exercises to improve flexibility, reduce tightness, and support lower body mechanics for desk workers and athletes.

8 videos

Browse all exercises & stretches

Common questions about back pain

What causes lower back pain?
Lower back pain can result from muscle strain, disc issues, facet joint dysfunction, posture habits, prolonged sitting, sacroiliac joint problems, or degenerative changes. A clinical assessment is needed to identify the specific contributor because the cause determines the most appropriate treatment.
Should I see a chiropractor or a doctor for back pain?
If you have red-flag symptoms like progressive leg weakness, loss of bladder control, or pain after significant trauma, see a doctor or go to emergency first. For persistent back pain without red flags, a chiropractor can assess whether musculoskeletal care is appropriate and refer you if further investigation is needed.
How long does it take for back pain to improve with chiropractic care?
Response varies by individual and cause. Some people notice improvement within a few visits, while others with chronic or complex conditions need a longer course of care. Your practitioner reassesses progress regularly and adjusts the approach accordingly.
Can massage therapy help with back pain?
Massage therapy can help relieve muscle tension, reduce spasm, and improve circulation in the affected area. At Merivale Clinic, massage is often part of a multidisciplinary approach alongside chiropractic care and acupuncture, depending on what the assessment reveals.
Is it safe to exercise with lower back pain?
Gentle movement is generally encouraged, and prolonged bed rest is no longer recommended for most back pain. Walking, light stretching, and core-stabilization exercises are often beneficial. A practitioner can guide you on which activities to pursue and which to modify based on your specific situation.
What is the best sleeping position for back pain?
Sleeping on your side with a pillow between your knees or on your back with a pillow under your knees can help maintain spinal alignment and reduce overnight strain. Avoid sleeping on your stomach, which tends to increase lumbar extension and stress on the lower back.